| Common name | Alternative name(s) | Botanical name |
| Amaranth/Chinese Spinach | Red spinach; Rau Den; Chinese spinach; | Amaranthus dubius |
| Anise | Sweet cumin; Aniseed | Pimpinella anisum |
| Apple Gourd | Indian Round Gourd | Praecitrullus fistulosus; Citrullus fistulosus |
| Asafoetida | devil's dung; stinking gum; asant; food of the gods; Kaayam | Ferula assafoetida |
| Ash gourd | winter melon; white gourd; wax gourd | Benincasa hispida |
| Aubergine (an abundance of cultivars) | eggplant; brinjal | Solanum melongena |
| bamboo shoots | Bambusa vulgaris; Phyllostachys edulis | |
| banana | cultivars of Musa sapientum | |
| banana flower | ||
| barbecue pork | red pork; cha siu | |
| Basil Thai Sweet; | Thai Purple Basil | Ocimum basilicum |
| Basil; Thai Lemon; | Hoary basil; | Ocimum citriodorum |
| Basil; Thai Sacred; | Thai Holy basil; Hot basil | Ocimum sanctum |
| Basil; Tree basil. | Tree basil | Ocimum gratissimum |
| bay leaf | ||
| bean sprouts | ||
| bitter melon | bitter gourd | Momordica charantia |
| Black Cardamom; | Nepal cardamom; Greater Indian cardamom | Amomum subulatum; Amomum costatum |
| Black Cumin. | fennel flower; nutmeg flower; Roman coriander; blackseed; black caraway; or black onion seed | (ii) Nigella sativa |
| Black Cumin. | (i) Bunium persicum | |
| Black Lentil (whole)/White Lentil (dehusked) | urad dal; udad dal; urd bean; urd; urid; black matpe bean; black gram; black lentil | Vigna mungo |
| Black Mustard seeds | Brown mustard seed, Indian mustard | Brassica nigra |
| Black Pepper; Black peppercorn | Piper nigrum | |
| Black Rock salt | Many warnings against it's ingestion. Fluoride poisoning +++ | |
| Black-eyed pea | black-eyed bean; ChawaLie; Lobia | Vigna unguiculata unguiculata |
| Bottle Gourd/Calabash | ||
| Cabbage | Brassica oleracea Linne capita (many cultivars) | |
| Calabash | Bottle Gourd | Lagenaria vulgaris |
| Candlenut | ||
| Capsicum | Bell Pepper | Capsicum annum; C. chinense; C. frutescens; C. baccatum; C. pubescens |
| Caraway Seeds | Meridian Fennel; Persian Cumin | Carum carvi |
| Cardamom | White Cardamom | Elettaria cardamomum |
| Cardamom; Green | Amomum cardamomum | |
| Carom seed. | mistakenly as "bishop's weed". | Trachyspermum copticum |
| Carrot | Daucus carota sativus | |
| cashew | Anacardium occidentale | |
| Cassia. Substitution: Cinnamon (i) | Vietnamese cinnamon (contains a little toxic coumarin) | Cinnamomum aromaticum |
| Cassia. Substitution: Cinnamon (ii) | Indonesian Cinnamon; Padang Cassia; or Korintje | Cinnamomum burmannii |
| catfish | ||
| Cauliflower | Brassica oleracea | |
| Celery | celeriac | Apium graveolens |
| chillie | chilli pepper; chilli; chillie; chili; and chillie | Genus: capsicum annum. Family: Solanaceae |
| Chinese broccoli | Brassica oleracea | |
| Chinese Celery | khan choy | |
| Chinese chive flowers | Allium schoenoprasum L | |
| Chinese chives - green | ||
| Chinese egg noodles; fresh | ||
| Chinese five-spice | ||
| Chinese keys | fingerroot | Boesenbergia rotunda |
| Chinese mustard cabbage | ||
| Chinese olives | ||
| Chinese water spinach | ||
| Cilantro Fresh | Coriander; Chinese parsley | Coriandrum sativum |
| cilantro root | ||
| Cilantro; Coriander | Chinese parsley | Coriandrum sativum |
| Cinnamon (stick and powder) | Cinnamomum verum | |
| Citric Acid | (8% in lemons and limes) | |
| clam | Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Mollusca; Class: Bivalvia | |
| clear noodles | (mung bean paste):mung bean vermicelli; cellophane noodles; glass noodles; bean thread noodles. | |
| Cloves | Syzygium aromaticum | |
| Cluster Beans | Cyamopsis tetragonolobus | |
| Cock's comb. | feathery amaranth (food dye) | Celosia Cristata; Celosia argentea |
| coconut milk | ||
| cooked rice | ||
| Coriander; dried seeds | coriander (seeds) | Coriandrum sativum |
| Coriander; (leaves and dried leaves) | coriander leaves; cilantro; culantro | Coriandrum sativum |
| Cucumber | Cucumis sp. | |
| Cumin (seed) | Cuminum cyminum | |
| Curry Leaf | Sweet Neem leaves | Murraya koenigii |
| curry paste | ||
| curry paste-green | ||
| curry paste-masaman | ||
| curry paste-red | ||
| curry paste-yellow | ||
| curry powder | ||
| daikon | Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus | |
| Dill | Lao coriander; Lao cilantro | Anethum graveolens |
| Drumstick | Moringa oleifera | |
| Durian | Malvaceae family; genus Durio. Many species and hundreds of cultivars | |
| Emblica. | Indian Gooseberry. | |
| Fennel seed | Foeniculum vulgare | |
| Fenugreek leaves; fresh | Trigonella foenum-graecum | |
| Fenugreek seed | Trigonella foenum-graecum | |
| Fenugreek; dried leaves | Trigonella foenum-graecum | |
| Finger Root | Chinese keys; Lesser Ginger | Boosenbergia rotunda |
| fish paste | ||
| fish sauce | ||
| flat rice noodles; fresh | ||
| Galangal; Lesser | Alpinia officinarum | |
| Garbanzo Beans | Chick Pea; Bengal Gram | Cicer arietinum |
| Garlic | Stinking Rose; | Allium sativum |
| Ginger | Ginger root; | Zingiber officinale |
| Gram flour | Chickpea flour; garbanzo flour; besan | Cicer arietinum |
| Greater Galangal | Thai galangal; Blue ginger; Thai ginger; Siamese ginger; Galangale | Alpinia galanga |
| Green Chillie; fresh | Genus: Capsicum Family: Solanaceae | |
| green onion | Spring Onion; salad onion; scallion | Allium wakegi |
| green papaya | ||
| Green peppercorn | ||
| hulled mung beans | ||
| Indian Bay leaf | Lauris nobilis (Folia Lauri) | |
| Ivy Gourd | Gentlemen's Toes; Little Gourd; Baby Watermelon; | Coccinia grandis |
| Jackfruit | Jaca, Jack, Jack Fruit, Jackfruit Tree, Jak, Jak Fruit, Jak-Fruit, Langka, Nangka | Artocarpus heterophyllus |
| kaffir lime | limau purut | Citrus x hystrix, |
| Kashmir Paprika | ||
| Katira Tree sap Gum | Tragacanth gum; | Astralagus adscendens; A. gummifer; A. tragacanthus. |
| Kidney Beans | Bean, Common Bean, Common Bean;bean, Common Haricot, Dry Bean, Dwarf Bean, Frash Bean, French Bean, Frijol, Garden Bean, Green Bean, Habichuela, Haricot, Haricot Bean, Haricot Commun, Haricot Francais, Haricots Carapatte, Haricots De Bourbon, Haricots Pales, Haricots Panaches, Haricots Tachetes, Haricots Varies, Haricots Violets, Mange-Tout, Pois, Rose Family Dry Bean, Runner Bean, Snap Bean, String Bean, Wax Bean | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Kohlrabi/German Turnip | Brassica oleracea Gongylodes Group | |
| Kokum | Wild mangosteen; red mango | Garcinia indica |
| Lal peppercorn | ||
| Lemongrass | barbed wire grass; citronella grass | Genus: Cymbopogon. (Many species) |
| Lentils | Pulses | |
| Lime; fresh | In many countries; Lime is also called as lemon | Citrus aurantifolia (Many cultivars) |
| Liquorice root | Black Sugar, Common Licorice, Common Liquorice, Cultivated Licorice, Kahles Sssholz, Kahles S�ssholz, Licorice, Licorice-Root, Liquorice, Russian Liquorice, Spanish Juice, Spanish Liquorice, Sweet Licorice, Sweet Wood, True Licorice | Glycyrrhiza glabra |
| Long Pepper | ||
| Lotus seeds; Popped | ||
| magosa | ||
| Mango | Mangifera indica | |
| Mango; dried powder. | ||
| mango; green | ||
| Moth Bean/Turkish Gram | Vigna aconitifolia | |
| mudfish | ||
| Mung Bean/Green Gram | Vigna Radiata | |
| mussels | ||
| Mustard seeds | ||
| namya curry paste | ||
| Napa cabbage | Cabbage, Kale, Kohlrabi | Brassica oleracea caulorapa |
| Nigella seeds | Wild Onion seeds; black cumin seeds; Black Caraway, Black Cumin, Black Onion Seed, Black Seed, Black-Caraway, Black-Cumin, Blackseed, Falsely Black Cumin, Fennel Flower, Fennel-Flower, Gith, Nigella, Nutmeg Flower, Nutmeg Plant, Nutmeg-Flower, Onion Seed, Roman Coriander, Roman-Coriander | |
| Nutmeg & Mace. | Nutmeg, Nutmeg Tree | from: Myristica fragrans |
| Okra | Bindi, Fingers Ladies, Gobo, Gombo, Gumbo, Ladies Finger, Ladies´ fingers, Lady´s finger, Lady´s-Fingers, Okra, Wild Okra | Abelmoschus esculentus |
| Onion | Allium cepa | |
| oyster | ||
| oyster mushroom | Branched Oyster Fungus, Branched Oyster Mushroom, Cornucopia Mushroom | Pleurotus ostreatus |
| palm sugar | ||
| Pandan leaves | Fragrant Pandan, Fragrant Screwpine Indonesian Screwpine, Pandan Rampeh, Scented Pandan, Screw Pine, Screw Tree, Umbrella Tree | P. amaryllifolius |
| Pandanus essence | Screwpine Essence | |
| papaya | Carica papaya | |
| pea eggplant | ||
| Peanut/Groundnut | Arachis hypogea | |
| Peppermint leaves; Fresh | ||
| Perilla | Green Shiso; beefsteak plant | perilla fructescens |
| pickled fish | ||
| pickled mustard | ||
| Pigeon Pea | Cajanus cajan | |
| pineapple | ||
| Plantain | Musa paradisiaca | |
| Pointed Gourd | Trichosanthes dioica | |
| Pointed Gourd | ||
| Pomegranate seeds. | ||
| Poppy Seeds | ||
| pork skin | ||
| Potato | Solanum tuberosum | |
| Pulses/Lentils | ||
| Pumpkin | Cucurbita pepo | |
| Radish | Raphanus sativus | |
| Red Chillie | Red Chillie pepper | |
| red snapper | ||
| Red Lentils | ||
| Red Lentils | Lens culinaris | |
| rice flower | ||
| rice noodles; thin | ||
| rice-Thai long grain | ||
| Ridge gourd | Luffa acutangula | |
| Rock candy | ||
| Rose Water | ||
| Saffron | ||
| Sage | ||
| Salt | ||
| salty Chinese cabbage | ||
| Sawtooth Herb | Mexican Coriander; Wild coriander; Thorny Coriander; Culantro | Apiacea; Eryngium foetidum. |
| shallot; fried | ||
| Shallots | scallion (Aust); eschalot; | Allium ascalonicum |
| shrimp | ||
| shrimp dried | ||
| shrimp paste | ||
| Silk Squash/Chinese Okra | ||
| Silk Squash/Chinese Okra | ||
| Snake Gourd | Trichosanthes cucumerina | |
| soy sauce | ||
| soy sauce; dark | ||
| soy sauce; dark sweet | ||
| soy sauce-mushroom | ||
| Spinach | Spinacia oleracea | |
| Spring Onions | spring onion; salad onion; green onion | Allium wakegi |
| squash blossom | ||
| sriracha sauce | Hot Thai sauce; Thai dipping sauce | |
| Star Anise | ||
| star fruit | ||
| sticky rice | ||
| stinky bean | ||
| Sumac | ||
| Sweet Potato | Ipomoca batata | |
| Szechuan Pepper | Szetchwan pepper, Anise pepper, Sheguan pepper, Sprice pepper, Sichuan pepper, Chinese pepper, Japanese pepper | Xanthoxylum piperitum |
| Tamarind. | Tamarindus indicus | |
| Taro/Colocasia | Colocasia esculenta | |
| Thai chillie pepper | ||
| Thai mackerel | ||
| Thai rice noodles | ||
| Thai tea | ||
| Toasted rice | ||
| Tofu-cubed; deep fried | ||
| Tomato | Solanum lycopersicum | |
| Turmeric | Curcuma longa | |
| Turnip | Brassica rapa rapa | |
| Turnip; preserved | ||
| Vietnamese Coriander | Vietnamese mint; Viet cilantro; Cambodian Mint; hot mint | Persicaria odorata |
| Vinegar | ||
| water bug | ||
| water chestnuts | ||
| White peppercorn | ||
| white pomfret | ||
| white steamed pork sausage | ||
| whole chillie; dried | ||
| wing beans | ||
| wonton skin | ||
| wood ear mushroom | ||
| Yam (vegetable) | Dioscorea sp. | |
| yellow bean sauce | ||
| young coconut |
